Endoscopic Ultrasound
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) combines endoscopy and ultrasound to create images of the digestive tract and nearby organs using a special endoscope with an ultrasound probe, allowing doctors to visualize internal structures and tissues with high resolution.
Here's a more detailed explanation:
What it is:
EUS is a minimally invasive procedure that uses a thin, flexible tube (endoscope) with an ultrasound probe on its tip to examine the digestive tract and surrounding organs.
How it works:
The ultrasound probe emits high-frequency sound waves that bounce off the organs and tissues, creating images that are displayed on a monitor.
Why it's used:
EUS can be used to diagnose and stage various conditions, including:
- Gastrointestinal cancers: To assess the depth of tumor invasion, check for spread to lymph nodes, and determine the need for surgery.
- Pancreatic and biliary disorders: To evaluate the pancreas, bile ducts, and surrounding structures.
- Other conditions: To examine the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, and to obtain tissue samples (biopsies) if needed.
Procedure
- The patient is typically given a sedative to help them relax.
- The endoscope is inserted through the mouth or anus, depending on which part of the digestive tract needs to be examined.
- The ultrasound probe on the endoscope sends out sound waves to create images
- The doctor can view the images on a monitor and assess the organs and tissues.
- If needed, the doctor can take tissue samples (biopsies) using the endoscope.
Benefits
- High-resolution images: EUS provides detailed images of the digestive tract and surrounding structures.
- Minimally invasive: EUS is a less invasive procedure than surgery, which can help reduce recovery time and complications.
- Accurate diagnosis: EUS can help doctors accurately diagnose and stage various conditions.
Potential risks
- Infection: There is a small risk of infection, but it is rare.
- Bleeding: There is a small risk of bleeding, but it is usually minor.
- Pneumothorax: In rare cases, a pneumothorax (collapsed lung) can occur.
- Allergic reaction: There is a small risk of an allergic reaction to the sedation or contrast dye used during the procedure.