Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen veins in the anus and lower rectum that can cause discomfort, pain, itching, and rectal bleeding. They can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (under the skin around the anus).
What are hemorrhoids?
- Swollen veins: Hemorrhoids are essentially swollen veins, similar to varicose veins in other parts of the body.
- Location: They can occur inside the rectum (internal hemorrhoids) or under the skin around the anus (external hemorrhoids).
- Function: In their normal state, they are cushions that help with stool control.
- When they become a problem: Hemorrhoids become a problem when they become swollen or inflamed, leading to symptoms.
Types of Hemorrhoids:
Internal Hemorrhoids:
- Located in the lining of the anus and lower rectum.
- Often painless, but can cause rectal bleeding.
External Hemorrhoids:
- Form under the skin around the anus.
- May cause pain, itching, and a painful lump
Causes of Hemorrhoids:
- Increased pressure in the rectal veins: This can be caused by straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation or diarrhea, prolonged sitting, pregnancy, or certain diseases.
- Other factors: A low-fiber diet, being older than age 50, and straining during bowel movements can also increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids.
Symptoms of Hemorrhoids:
- Rectal bleeding: Often painless, bright red blood on toilet paper or in the toilet.
- Itching or irritation around the anus:
- Pain or discomfort: Especially with external hemorrhoids.
- Swelling or a lump around the anus:
- Feeling like you still need to have a bowel movement after going to the toilet:
Treatment and Prevention:
Home remedies:
- Increase fiber intake: Eating more fiber can help soften stools and make them easier to pass.
- Drink plenty of fluids: Staying hydrated can also help with bowel regularity.
- Use a warm sitz bath: Soaking in a warm bath can help soothe the area.
- Over-the-counter creams or ointments: These can help relieve pain and itching.
Medical treatments:
- Rubber band ligation: A rubber band is placed around the base of the hemorrhoid to cut off its blood supply.
- Sclerotherapy: A chemical solution is injected into the hemorrhoid to shrink it.
- Hemorrhoidectomy: Surgical removal of the hemorrhoid.
Prevention:
- Eat a high-fiber diet:
- Drink plenty of fluids:
- Don't strain during bowel movements:
- Avoid prolonged sitting on the toilet:
- Exercise regularly:
- Maintain a healthy weight: