Viral gastroenteritis
Viral gastroenteritis, often called "stomach flu," is an intestinal infection caused by viruses, leading to symptoms like watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, and vomiting. While common, it's important to stay hydrated and prevent dehydration.
What is Viral Gastroenteritis?
- Definition: Viral gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines caused by a virus.
- Commonly called: "Stomach flu," but it's important to note that it's not related to the influenza (flu) virus.
- Causes: Many different viruses can cause viral gastroenteritis, including norovirus and rotavirus.
- How it spreads: The infection spreads through contact with an infected person's stool or vomit, or by consuming contaminated food or water.
- Common in: Outbreaks in close communities such as daycare centers, nursing facilities, and cruise ships.
- Symptoms: Watery diarrhea, Abdominal pain and cramps, Nausea and vomiting, Sometimes fever, and Dehydration is a major concern.
Treatment:
- Hydration is key: Replace lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration.
- Small amounts of clear liquids: If vomiting, sip small amounts of clear liquids.
- Rest: Allow your body to recover.
- Over-the-counter medications: Some over-the-counter medications can help with diarrhea and nausea, but consult with a healthcare professional before taking them.
- When to seek medical care: If you have severe symptoms, signs of dehydration, or if you are at high risk (e.g., young children, older adults, or those with weakened immune systems), seek medical attention.
Prevention:
- Handwashing: Wash your hands frequently, especially after using the restroom and before eating.
- Safe food handling: Practice safe food handling techniques to prevent foodborne illnesses.
- Disinfecting surfaces: Clean and disinfect surfaces that may be contaminated.
- Avoid contact with infected individuals: If possible, avoid close contact with people who have viral gastroenteritis.
- Vaccination: Some vaccines can help prevent certain types of viral gastroenteritis, such as rotavirus vaccine for children.